Preservatives can coagulate or denature the proteins of microorganisms, thereby interfering with their growth and reproduction.
Preservatives act on the cell walls and cell membranes of microorganisms. By disrupting or damaging the cell wall, or interfering with the mechanism of cell wall synthesis, they cause leakage of intracellular substances or affect the membrane-related respiratory chain electron transport system, thus exerting an antimicrobial effect.
They act on genetic material or the structure of genetic particles, thereby affecting the replication, transcription, and translation of genetic material and proteins.
They act on the enzyme system within microorganisms, inhibiting enzyme activity and interfering with their normal metabolism.
